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Nakh etymology : Search within this database Total of 970 records 49 pages
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1 1 20 \data\cauc\nakhet
Proto-Nakh: *-ħ
Meaning: conditional
Chechen: -ħ
Batsbi: -ħ
Proto-Nakh: *ħabs-
Meaning: to look (plur.)
Chechen: ħows-
Batsbi: ħaps-
Comments: Vowel length unclear. Cf. also dur. *ħēbs- > Chech. ħīs-, Bacb. ħeps-. The Bacbi meaning is cited according to Matsiyev and Desheriyev; Kadagidze gives the meaning 'send' (a mistake?).
Proto-Nakh: *ħabχV
Meaning: shady slope of a mountain
Chechen: ħäwχē
Ingush: ħowχe
Comments: The Chech.-Ing. form contains a locative suffix -ē.
Proto-Nakh: *ħadV (~-ā-)
Meaning: brain
Chechen: ħē
Ingush: ħɔ
Batsbi: ħad(a)
Comments: 6th class in all languages.
Proto-Nakh: *ħaḳ́(a)
Meaning: forehead
Chechen: ħaž
Ingush: ħaža
Batsbi: ħaḳ
Comments: Obl. base *ħaḳ́i-, cf. Chech. ħäža-. 3d class in Chech. and Bacb., 4th class in Ing.
Proto-Nakh: *ħa-lχa ( ~ -ā-)
Meaning: in front, before
Chechen: ħalχa
Ingush: ħalχa
Batsbi: ħatχ(ĕ)
Proto-Nakh: *ħamc ( ~ -ā-)
Meaning: medlar
Chechen: ħamc
Ingush: ħamisk
Comments: Ing. ħamisk < *ħamc-Vḳ (with a diminutive suffix). 6th class in Chech., 4th class in Ing. PN > Av. ħanc "medlar".
Proto-Nakh: *ħanḳ́-al ( ~ -ḳ-)
Meaning: sweetbrier
Batsbi: ħanḳal
Comments: It is possible that Chech. el-ħamč 'hawthorn' goes back to the same root (with irregular deglottalisation: we would expect *ħanč̣- ).
Proto-Nakh: *ħaq-
Meaning: 1 to chop, to mow, to hew 2 to saw
Chechen: ħaq- 1,2
Ingush: ħaq- 2
Proto-Nakh: *ħaq- / *ħēq-
Meaning: to rub, smear; to sweep
Chechen: ħaq- / ħēq-
Ingush: ħaq- / ħeq-
Batsbi: ħaq- / ħeq-
Comments: The root demonstrates the usual PN Ablaut (term. -a-, dur. -ē-). In PN this is most probably a result of merging two PEC roots (*=Vwq_V and *HărqV ).
Proto-Nakh: *ħaqa
Meaning: pig, swine
Chechen: ħaqa
Ingush: ħaqa
Batsbi: qa
Comments: In Bacb. the first weak syllable with a laryngeal was reduced. 4th class in Chech. and Ing., 3d class in Bacb. Cf. also Cheb., Shar., Khild., Lev. ħaqa id.
Proto-Nakh: *ħaqV
Meaning: ankle, ankle-bone
Chechen: ħaqolg
Ingush: ħaqing
Comments: 4th class in both languages. Without suffix cf. Chech. Pharch. ħaqo id.
Proto-Nakh: *ħarVmV-
Meaning: sweetbrier
Chechen: ħarmik
Ingush: ħandar
Comments: The forms are quoted from the Ing.-Chech.-Russ. dictionary. The Russ-Chech-Ing. and the Russ.-Chech. dictionaries list Chech. ħärmak 'sweetbrier', and the Chech-Russ. dictionary - Chech. ħärmak 'root-crop'. These all are obviously dialectal variants.
Proto-Nakh: *ħaš- / *ħēš-
Meaning: to press
Chechen: ħaš-
Comments: Dur. ħēš- id.
Proto-Nakh: *ħaχ-
Meaning: to smear, plaster
Chechen: ħaχ-
Ingush: ħaχ-
Comments: Cf. also Chech. dur. ħēχ- id.
Proto-Nakh: *ħā-
Meaning: who (obl. stem)
Chechen: ħa (erg.)
Ingush: ħa (erg.)
Batsbi: ħa (erg.)
Comments: Cf. also Chech. gen. ħē-na- etc. The stem also serves for building relative and indefinite pronouns (Chech. ħē-neχ 'someone', Bacb. ħane '...who,...which' etc.).
Proto-Nakh: *ħāc̣u
Meaning: 1 sparrow 2 bird
Chechen: ħōza 1
Ingush: ħazilg 1
Batsbi: ħac̣uḳ 2
Comments: Ing. and Bacb. forms reflect PN diminutives *ħāc̣u-ḳ, *ħāc̣a-liḳ. Cf. also Chech. (Usl.) ħōzu, Cheb. ħāzu etc. 3d class in all languages.
Proto-Nakh: *ħāl-ij
Meaning: cows (pl.)
Chechen: ħēlī
Ingush: ħälij
Proto-Nakh: *ħān-i(n)
Meaning: fat, greasy
Chechen: ħēna
Ingush: ħäna
Comments: The pure stem is preserved in Chech. ħan-dan 'to fatten, fertilize'.
Proto-Nakh: *ħāqu-m (~ *ħōqa-m)
Meaning: knee-cap
Chechen: ħōqam
Comments: Attested only in Chech., but with probable external parallels.
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Total of 970 records 49 pages
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